Persasive Writing Free Essays

What is persuasive writing? What role does persuasive writing play in the criminal justice system? How well does persuasive writing meet the criteria of effective communication within the criminal justice system? Persuasive writing is to tell a story and convenince the reader to agree or believe what you are saying. This plays a huge role in the criminal justice system. Persuasive writing does not necessarily play a big role for law enforcement when writing reports. We will write a custom essay sample on Persasive Writing or any similar topic only for you Order Now Though it does absolutely play a big role when it comes to giving a testimony in a court of law. Law enforcement officers can and need to tell their side of the story in the court room in a persuasive way. Persuasive writing can help law enforcement officials prepare for his or her testimony in a court room by examples and the way they word things. The more that a law enforcement official prepares their testimony of events and any facts in a persuasive manor. This in return will make it harder for the defense attorney to come up with questions to defend their client. When you have a jury present in the court room persuasiveness is a big role, seems how the prosecuting attorney and the defense attorney need to pursue the jury to be on their side. If an officer has not been trained or a prosecutor does not know for sure how to write a persuasive statement for testimony could really hurt their case. It can make the jury think that there is not enough to find the defendant guilty of the crime committed. As for the defense attorney they need to use persuasive counter-arguments to show why the defendant should not be charged with a guilty verdict. Persuasive writing skills for law enforcement are very important not for just proving fault on a defendant in court, but also for investigations and interviews for the media. These skills are also used to get a warrant from a judge to show probably cause on why the warrant is needed. These few reasons alone show how important persuasive writing is in the criminal justice field. How to cite Persasive Writing, Papers

Role Concept in Health Care-Free-Samples for Students-Myassignment

Questions: 1. Identify and explain which of Beckys needs are not being met. 2. How does the interference with these needs effect Beckys wellbeing? Include a description of any coping techniques you have identified. 3. Is time management an issue in this scenario? If so, what changes could be made by Elaine, Becky and the other staff members? Answers: 1.Beckys Need was not fulfilled According to scenario, Becky has completed the graduation and desired to work in health care department. From graduation days she is quiet and always felt out. So, she always craved to feel better in her work place and she wanted to achieve her goals by becoming best assistant in the medical industry. On her first day of joining she wanted to interact with other colleagues and wanted to be very confident in her work. But things didnt work out this way, she was left alone by other staff and Becky was not able to manage the front desk works which lead to disappointment to the client. Becky wanted to be very confident on the first day of work but after getting scolding from Elaine she was shattered. Elaine, mentor of Becky asked her to manage the back office as she was not able to accomplish the needs of front desk. Future asked her to stay away from clients and just manage the back end work. But Becky aspiration was to be there at front desk and manage face to face interaction with cli ents. Apart from that, since graduation days she wanted to interact with someone and be friendly but she was not accomplished in the new office as well. She wanted to be liked by her colleagues and interact with everyone at the workplace. Still everything happened in the opposite direction, she didnt receive the designation she wanted to work on apart from that she didnt found a good companion in the office she was left alone again. Apart from that she as demotivated for her work which added lack of confidence in her. 2.Effects on Beckys well being As Becky need was not at all fulfilled. She joined the office and entered the cooperate world with a different perceptive, but everything went in the opposite direction. She wanted to work as an expertise in medical industry, and wanted to interact with clients and manage the front desk perfectly. Apart from that she wanted to make friends and interact with everyone so that she doesnt feel left out again like in graduation days. But things didnt go will at the workplace she was alone all over again plus everyone at the workplace laughed at her. After that she lost her confidence level which lead to change in her normal well-being. After office everyday she started drinking to overcome from her pain (National Jewish Health, 2018). As Becky was upset by her work, she didnt get the work she was expecting. She was so demotivated by herself and become so negative from her life. She use to cry all day along after office and was going through difficult phase and was helpless as she was all alone. To overcome she adopted a wrong routine after office everyday while returning home. She stopped at some random liquor shop and restores the wine stock every day. And after reaching home, she sits with a bottle of liquor alone trying to forget about all her worries and pains. Following the same routine everyday somewhere affected her health (Penberthy et. al 2014). To cope up from this pain and overcome the stress of her conscious mind, she started consuming alcohol. As consumption of liquor numbs emotional pain of the person and it helps people to disconnect from themselves (Verplaetse et. al, 2018). It is said that alcohol helps in reducing stress of the body. To constantly handle behavioural changes particular coping activities are used to seek and relate solutions to stressful situations that emerge because of stress (Lu Richardson, 2014). Alcohol acts as a stimulant if taken in smaller quantity otherwise excess consumption can be depressant. 3.Issues of Time Management Time management is one of an issue in Beckys case as she was not able to manage the front desk work and many clients were disappointed which could be loss to the organisation. She was not able to manage the time at the workplace, everything got messed up. She was not able to take high number of telephone calls and also she was not able to schedule the appointments. Apart from that lack of time arrangement created the clutter at the desk leaving all the papers messed up at the table. The situation she created on the first day is the sole reason for such a muddle (James Clear, 2018). To resolve this Elaine being the mentor of Becky should has guided her how things work on the first day. So that after getting proper training of the work Becky would have managed the things pretty well. Support from other colleagues on the first day was also important. This could have attained by initially diving the work of Becky, she should have asked to either take calls or attend clients. And Becky should have stick to the schedule so that deadlines of appointment are not missed. Elaine overcomplicated Beckys work on the very first day which reduced her effectiveness of work. Thus time should be managed perfectly to reduce stress and managing multitasking (Mind Tool, 2018). Becky should have focused on time management as it allows accomplishing the task in shorter time period, which offers more time to complete other tasks. Time management allows lowering the stress and more success in the work. It helps to complete the work in an appropriate manner References James Clear, (2018), Time Management Tips That Actually Work, Retrieved on 13 February from https://jamesclear.com/time-management-tips. Lu, Y. L., Richardson, H. N. (2014). Alcohol, stress hormones, and the prefrontal cortex: a proposed pathway to the dark side of addiction.Neuroscience,277, 139-151. Mind Tool, (2018), Common Time Management Mistakes, Retrieved on 13 February from https://www.mindtools.com/pages/article/time-management-mistakes.htm. National Jewish Health, (2018), Coping Strategies, Retrieved on 13 February from https://www.nationaljewish.org/health-insights/stress-and-relaxation/stress/coping-strategies. Penberthy, J. K., Gioia, C. J., Konig, A., Martin, A. M., Cockrell, S. A., Meshberg-Cohen, S. (2014). Co-occurring chronic depression and alcohol dependence: A novel treatment approach.Addictive Disorders Their Treatment,13(2), 54-67. Verplaetse, T. L., Moore, K. E., Pittman, B. P., Roberts, W., Oberleitner, L. M., Smith, P. H., ... McKee, S. A. (2018). Intersection of Stress and Gender in Association With Transitions in Past Year DSM-5 Substance Use Disorder Diagnoses in the United States.Chronic Stress,2, 2470547017752637.

The Web Site for Online Journalism

Table of Contents Introduction Aljazeera BBC ABCNews ESPN Egypt Daily News Conclusion Introduction The Web represents the future of journalism, and mainstream media houses have realised this point. The Web is a relatively cost-effective means of distributing information than the traditional printing press and physical deliveries. This is reporting of news on real-time through the Internet. Therefore, the Web site for online journalism must meet some quality standards of a good Web site.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on The Web Site for Online Journalism specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This is a short report about four international news Web sites and one local Egyptian news Web site. It looks at the contents and types of news (sport, business, and politics), the accuracy, the design of the Web site. Aljazeera Aljazeera is an international news Web site that presents round-the-clock news to visitors on the si te. The site provides news from various parts of the global like Africa, America, Asia-Pacific, Central and South Asia, Europe, and Middle East. The Web site presents news on current affairs, opinions, business, sports, weather, in-depth analysis, human right issues, and other scheduled programmes. Aljazeera Web site has a great amount of illustration. At least every news item has a graphical presentation because such graphical presentations can have a significant impact of the audience. The Web page has a good colour in the background that makes texts easy to read. Moreover, the background is not crowded. The texts are not too small and crowded, but are evenly distributed within the page to explain the image. The Web site displays latest news in capital letters. Every title in the page has a link. However, the audience must put a mouse on the heading in order to know that the link works, i.e., there is no â€Å"click to read more† sign. However, a click on the title may lead to the main story to take the reader further to ‘sub-stories’, which relate to the main story (this is the case with most of the contents in the in-depth section). The site does not have any dead links, unclear navigation, orphan pages, and unwanted scroll bars.Advertising Looking for report on communications media? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The page graphical presentations are easy to load, are useful to the site, and fit within the screen. This site does not use animations. However, the section marked as ‘IN PICTURES’ has running images through, but they look professional. Generally, the Web site has a good design. The site provides various ways of contacting the organisation. However, it has social media integration (Twitter and Facebook). It also has a mobile version because smart devices and tablets are responsible for the growing Web traffic. The site lacks any security icon. BBC The BBC has been the benchmark for international journalism. From the BBC Web site, the audience can listen, watch, and read news. Moreover, there are also constant updates. The site provides science, sports, documentary, society, blog, and other categories. It has abundant resources for the audience. The news items are current and accurate. The background is clear to allow for readability of the texts. Texts appear in clear blue and light grey colour against a white background. Thus, readers can easily read them. The BBC Web site uses small letters to display latest news from the globe. Texts are organised below the main story. Titles in the page also act as links, which viewers must click in order to read, watch, or listen to a story. The BBC Web site uses a blue colour to differentiate the headline and the caption of the news. All the links are working, and there are no dead or orphan links in the site. Navigation is easy because there are various categories of news e.g., sports, weathe r, business, health, environment, and other areas of interests. All these items fit within the Web page. The site makes extensive use of graphics for main stories. Moreover, it also presents some features in forms of illustration. However, graphic reporting plays a major role in this Web site. There are no animations in this Web site.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on The Web Site for Online Journalism specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The BBC Web site has a well-integrated graphic design. All texts, snaps, and images fit within the site. Moreover, users do not have to scroll various segments in order to gain access to an item. The BBC Web site has a mobile integration platform, live news, videos, and connected TV among others. There are also social media links. It also has extra links for FAQs. The BBC Web site design has rich contents and meets qualities of an international news standard Web site with multiple l anguages for various viewers. Contact details are readily available. ABCNews ABCNews is a part of the go.com. It provides the latest news items alongside video and audio messages. The format is clear and usable for the audience. Moreover, subscribes can get news alerts via their e-mails and mobile gadgets. The contents are real events. The Web site has a clear background that allows text readability. It makes the use of white space in the background. Texts in this Web site are mainly headlines with links to the main news item. The blue and black texts are visible against a white background. The Web site links are working, users can navigate various pages of the site from the sections and headlines provided. The site is easy to scroll because users only use the side bar to scroll the entire content of the page. Moreover, the site has arranged its content into various categories. There are no inactive and dead links in this Web site.Advertising Looking for report on communications media? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The site has maintained its multimedia design. It has graphics, slideshows, audio links, and videos. The site has multiple links, whit space, and multimedia approach to design. It also contains mobile apps and version for mobile devices, as well as social media links. ESPN ESPN provides sports news, history and sports statistics. The site does not rely on extensive use of text on its dark red background. The news items are accurate sports news, suggestions, speculations, and opinions of contributors. It mainly relies on graphic journalism for reporting. It has maintained multimedia features. Moreover, there is a section with auto play (advertisement of mobile apps). The design of the sight ensures that all items are within the Web page. It has social media links and alerts. However, there are no visible security features for visitors. Egypt Daily News This Web site focuses on local news from Egypt, Middle East, and world news. The reporting is accurate in current affairs. The site i s full of texts. In fact, most news items are in text format. The white background allows visitors to read the blue texts. The texts are small and may not be visible to some readers. However, this Web site looks crowded and cluttered with text. It contains more than enough. At the bottom of the site, there is a large white space with no content while the top side is cluttered with advertisements and headings. The links are active and navigation is not difficult for the identified news item. The site uses multimedia elements, but there are no animations and auto play elements. Graphic journalism also plays a critical role in this Web site. This Web site requires improvement because of the cluttered presentation and small font sizes. Moreover, it focuses on several issues. Conclusion The international news Web sites have strived to display professionalism on their sites. The news items are current, accurate, and reflect balanced coverage. They apply graphic reporting or journalism to present news items. There are words, illustration, and snaps. Graphic journalism acts as a backup for the text and audio reporting. All Web sites have active links, which have easy navigation processes because of the sections and titles. Moreover, all these sites have social media links and alerts. Some of these Web sites have strived to remain simple. As a result, they have integrated multimedia applications with caution. For instance, most of them do not have background music, flash, auto-play contents, and extraneous data that can slow down the page. However, some Web sites have cluttered design in terms of graphic and text presentations, and the use of white space. Such sites require professional appeals. In addition, they also lack visible security signs. Customisation of the content in some sites also allows visitors to choose a language of their choice. However, these Web sites aim to achieve usability, aesthetic, and functionality of a professional Web site. This report on The Web Site for Online Journalism was written and submitted by user Taryn P. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Equality is promoted in sikhism Essays

Equality is promoted in sikhism Essays Equality is promoted in sikhism Essay Equality is promoted in sikhism Essay The word Sikh means pupil in the Punjabi linguistic communication. Sikhs are pupils and followings of Guru Nanak ( B. 1469 ) , the laminitis of the Sikh tradition. Guru Nanak was succeeded by nine Gurus or holy instructors. Since 1708, the Sikh Guru has been their spiritual Bible, the Guru Granth Sahib. There are over 20 million Sikhs worldwide, doing Sikhism the 5th largest organized faith in the universe. ( hypertext transfer protocol: //www.sikhnextdoor.org/students/learn ) This essay will try to measure ways in which equality is promoted, to accomplish this, is critical to overlook at some of the instructions of Sikhism. One of the chief facet of Sikh practical response to equality can be found in the instructions of the Gurus get downing with Nanak, the first Guru, who after he had a powerful mystical experience, in which he received a Godhead naming to convey people to an consciousness of God, said there is no Hindu, there is no Muslim . This brief statement give us a glance of a new get downing procedure towards equality, get downing from understanding unity ( Shackle and Arvind,2005, pg.43. ) . The instructions of the Gurus are non set as philosophical pacts or codifications, but as poesy with a strong devotional prominence, which is designed to be sung or recited. Sikhism does non deduce from any established credo, it does non contend any predating one. Sikh doctrine and faith are enlighten from within the Indian heritage. Far from disassociating it wholly from Hinduism, they have accepted the Hindu pantheon of Supreme beings without any difference. Lakshmi, Durga, Brahma, Shiva and Vishnu are celebrated divinities in the vocals of the gurus. There is no effort to deny their being or deity. The attempt is merely to set them as lesser divinities functioning the supreme Lord. ( KAUR RAIT, 2005, pg.17 ) Sikhism preaches a message of devotedness and recollection of God at all clip, true life, and equality of world. Because of this Sikhism is unfastened to all through the instructions of its 10 Gurus enshrined in the Sikh Holy Book and the life Guru Sri Guru Grand Sahib. The Sikh doctrine and instructions put great accent on the importance of seting others before oneself. where ego exists there is no God. Where God exists there is no ego . ( Guru Nanak ) It promotes a classless society, giving more importance to virtue than wealth. The position of an person should be determined by workss or virtues non by category place. All should be treated as equal irrespective of their material resources. Guru Arjun Dev said, The wisdom of God looks upon all likewise, such as the air current that blows likewise for the common man and the King . ( W.H. McLeod, 1999, pg.32 ) The Sikh construct of equality applies of course to both adult male and adult females and is promoted through the instructions and practises of the Gurus. Sikhism advocates sex equality and agreements adult females an equal topographic point in society. At the emerging of Sikhism the Gurus condemned patterns prevalent in India in the 15th century which undermined adult females, such us the gauze of adult females, sati and female infanticide. Sikhs allowed adult females to remarry, and Guru Nanak condemned the usage to have on the head covering. in India sati and female infanticide were merely lawfully abolished in the 19th century. Sikh Gurus allowed adult females free, unrestrained and equal engagement in the religious every bit good as societal life, in fact they give adult females what should ever been theirs anyhow ; full equality to take part to spiritual services, to be equal spouses in matrimony and household life. If some of the work forces protested that adult females were nescient, the Gurus said allow them show their ignorance. Sikhism is a practical faith and has nowhere ignored facts. It recognises that adult females can talk out of ignorance, but so can adult male. ( Nanak,2006, pg.150. ) The accomplishment of equality is farther demonstrated in the ceremonial usage of the Khalsa a signifier of baptism. New Members, male and female alike are committed to continuing the Rahit ( Sikh codification of moralss and rites ) and assist the community. The importance to Sikhs for equality is besides manifested in the Langar Meal ( Community Kitchen ) is portion of the act of worship and is a really of import facet of Sikh life, it was instituted for a societal issue, as the society was divided into many castes and the difference between Hindus and Muslims. It was made compulsory by Sikh Guru that merely when 1 would sit down at the same degree as the other and eat together that one can fall in the Sangat ( Company of Holy ) .Thus, the cookery, cleansing of dishes and helping of nutrient happens with everybody involved irrespective of their background. All of them sit on the land, as it is consider to be leveled and eat nutrient. These public activity were considered impossible amongst the rule of the category witting Indian society. Where harmonizing to purification system, sharing of nutrient, drink and utensils touched By person from a lower caste was considered as made impure. ( Nesbitt, 2005, pg 32. ) The pattern of Langar repast is still in consequence at Gurudwara ( Sikh topographic point of worship ) . Another given name for langar is Pangat, Sikh households consider it s a privilege to supply the langar and function it to others. ( Mayled, 2002, pg.12 ) On human rights, Gurus rules of equality was a natural thing that came from their religion. God loves us without differentiations of caste, credo, coloring material and sex. Equality implies tolerance of differences, bing in frock, nutrient, usage and so on. For Sikh the province as a critical function to play in the formation of an ideal society. It is ever stressed that whoever roles over the province should ever be a dispensers of justness and equality and must neer exert their authorization despotically. They are responsible to God the Supreme Sovereign, for all their actions. They are merely agent commissioned to regulate in the mode of Plato s ; with justness, kindness, understanding and advance the public assistance of their people. They are to carry on their maps, as a authorization from God. To this last position the Sikh Gurus gave a radical bend by underscoring that whoever regulations is non responsible to God entirely, but to the people as good, for whose good they are set up by God. Therefore if a swayer deviates from the way of justness and responsibility, it is merely to offer opposition to his incorrect making. ( O.P.Ralhan,1997, pg.72 ) The Sikh faith Teachs that life continues after decease in the psyche and non in the physical organic structure. Therefore the last act of giving and assisting others through variety meats contribution is both consistent with and in the spirit of Sikh instructions. ( Benedetti, 2008, pg.57 ) To restart we can decidedly state that from the beginning, Sikhism give adult females equality with work forces non merely in religion`s personal businesss. Both attend services as equal members and behavior services, to work together In fixing and functioning for the communal repast. They portion equal duties in all the societal and cultural activities at the gurdwara. Sikh adult females and work forces take portion on equal footings as president, secretaries, and activities organisers. The Sikh Gurus neer said that adult male and adult females should play precisely the same function in every country of life. They thought that work forces and adult females should esteem and value every bit the different functions that each undertakes. In the Sikh matrimony vows accent is on common fidelity, and this once more brings to our heads in another practical competition the word equality ( Singh,1998, pg.22. ) . In position of all that has been presented so far, to many of us the ideal of equality to which Guru Nanak appealed the people in the 15th century significantly could function as a theoretical account in our ain twenty-four hours an age, and could give a new significance, a new way, a new genuineness to our ain cause of equality chartered merely in recent decennaries in the West. Bibliographies: ENRICO BENEDETTI,2008, Living Donor Organs, McGraw Hill companies USA CHRISTHOPHER SHACKLE and ARVIND PAL SINGH MANDAIR,2005, Teaching of the Sikh Gurus, Published by Routledge,70 Madison Ave, New York. KANWALIJT KAUR SINGH, 1998, Sikhism for today, Oxford University Press, Oxford, England NESBITT E. , 2005, Sikhism A Very Short Introduction. Oxford University Press, Oxford, England NIRMAL NANAK, 2006, pg.150, Sikh doctrine and faith, New down imperativeness group publishing house, Slough, Berkshire, England O.P.RALHAN,1997, The great Gurus of the Sikh, Anmoul publications, New Delhi India. SATWANT KAUR RAIT, 2005, Sikh adult females, Trentham books Limited, Stoke on Trent, Staffordshire, England. W.H. MCLEOD, 1999, Sikhs and Sikhism, Oxford University imperativeness, New Delhi ) hypertext transfer protocol: //www.sikhnextdoor.org/students/learn.html ACCESSED ON 7/04/2010

A Guide to Writing Research Papers at Bellevue College Essay

A Guide to Writing Research Papers at Bellevue College - Essay Example A close stance at a fairly large number of assignments that are submitted by students will indicate an element of academic dishonesty. This is attributed to the laziness of the modern student as compared to the 1960’s student who did not rely on Google or Wikipedia as research materials. Perhaps one after reading this statement would perceive it as originating from a polemist and is brushing off shoulders the wrong way. But isn’t this the plain truth? Academic dishonesty is repeatedly exercised in almost every level of education ranging from the elementary level to the graduate school.These assignments contain extreme examples of fabrication, plagiarism, deception among other gross examples of academic dishonesty that portray not the real identity of the student. Because the modern student is subscribed to the school of thought that there is no need to research intensively about a certain topic of study while there are search engines with spiders and crawlers that can t ap into any work, then the results are evident.Different institutions have developed different approaches towards cases of academic dishonesty. In those strict institutions, a student may be expelled out of school for participating in activities that add up to academic dishonesty. This vice has led to the degradation of educational ethics wherein most severe cases; the academic works cannot be referred to due to the lack of reliability and authenticity. This explains the decline in quality of most submitted assignments.

Close Reading Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Close Reading - Essay Example This particular day, Bill Hutchinson’s family becomes the unlucky victim. His wife, Tessie, gets the marked slip. In order to adhere to the demands of tradition, every villager picks a stone from the collected sample. Tessie is stoned to death in what narrates the tale of a community eating a member of its own. The Lottery depicts symbolic cannibalism through the death of Tessie Hutchinson. A community ganging up to celebrate the death of its own symbolizes peer pressure. It is a kin to the warnings about smoking. The difference is that Jackson is trying to warn people against primitive loyalty to a group. Jackson questions the absence of logic in group psychology and collective conscience of this particular community that agrees to slaughter its member in a brutal manner. Two things happen on this day: the first thing is peer pressure while the second thing is the forceful exclusion of a member of the community with the purpose of giving the rest of the members a chance to bond. The story narrates how lunch is prepared in time for the ultimate enjoyment once the unfortunate member has been excluded. Another theme that features in the text is the people’s unchallenged loyalty to tradition. This tradition presents a horrendous experience to the unlucky victim and his/her family members. It explains the excitement and nervousness that hang over the community’s head on this particular day. No member of this community has the courage to defy the norm. Nobody has the courage to question the logic behind the ritualistic execution of a member of the community. This element of loyalty is captured in the following line, Precisely, Jackson presents an element of a dead community. The community is trapped in a rotten traditional architecture. Since people are loyal and do not think about the origin and relevance of their tradition, it is unlikely that this community would rescue its members from the horror

Fall of Malacca Empire

Fall of Malacca Empire FALL OF MALACCA EMPIRE The golden age of Malacca ended in 1511. Empire Malacca who called to an end after the Portuguese attack Malacca under the rule of Sultan Mansur Shah. Internal Factors WEAK LEADERSHIP OPPRESSIVE ADMINISTRATION Weak ruling government is the root cause to the fall of the Malacca Sultanate. They were overdependence on Tun Perak until they can’t find a capable leader to replace him. After the death of the Bendahara Tun Perak, Malacca lacked an efficient leader as the replacement of Tun Perak which is Tun Mutahir as a Bendahara was a weak leader because he more concern on his personal welfare and biased during his administration. Many of the ministers expressed their dissatisfaction with this aspect of the way of his management style. As a result, there were often struggles for power. Besides, Sultan Mahmud who paid only a little attention to the administration consider as a weak leader too. He enables the officers to act as they pleased. Bribing and defamation were rife and inevitably result in economic instability and discontent among the people. Corruption in administration to gain personal wealth had caused the imposed of high taxes on citizens and traders forced merchants to shift t heir attention to Acheh, the other trading ports. At the same time, Bendahara Tun Mutahir being accused that he attempted to overthrow the king. He evoked the anger of Sultan Mahmud so without further investigation Sultan Mahmud executed Bendahara Tun Mutahir and his family. Raja Ahmad the inheritor was also weak and inefficient. When Sultan Mahmud realized he was wrong, he handed reign to his son which was unable to help him to rule his empire. Whereas Bendahara Tun Perpatih, the successor which is also weak, ill and old. Son of Sultan Mahmud DISUNITY Malacca’s weak position caused the disunited of people and spilt into factions. Bendahara Tun Mutahir is and Indian-Muslims. His weak administration and practiced favoritism had caused the Malays to become hostile towards them and develop into racial tension. Bendahara Tun Mutahir been appointed had caused the jealousy among Malays and the evident was when Sultan Mahmud commanded Bendahara Tun Mutahir and Tun Ali to be sentence to death at the betrayal by Raja Mandaliar and Laksamana Khoja Hassan, an Indian native. Bendahara Tun Perak’s son, Tepok been appointed as Bendahara but he was too old. All of these factors had causes the disunity among the residents of Malacca. THE WEAKNESS OF MALACCA MILITARY AND DEFENCE Continued misunderstanding caused segregation and disunity among the people. The situation became worse and critical when the Portuguese, led by Alfonso d’Albuquerque attacked Malacca. For Malacca soldiers, they are losing of skills because they not involved in war for a long time. They had been using traditional weapons such as creese, arrow and spear during the war with Portuguese. Whereas, Portuguese used modern weapons such as cannon that clearly different from Malacca in term of range and mobility. Portuguese armed forces have well-equipped weapons and good strategic planning with the guidance of Alfonso d’Albuquerque. Before Portuguese attack Malacca, they had conquered Goa India so they have support of army from Goa India. But for Malacca, the mercenary soldiers from Jawa abandoned state during the war. DISLOYALTY OF FEREIGNERS AND MERCHANTS Due to the political instability, merchants who came and stay at Malacca did not believe to the government of Malacca. They even backed and supported Portuguese during their attack. For Chinese merchant, they provided huge barges on loan to Portuguese. Tamil merchant provided information regarding Malacca defense system. External Factors THE DISCOVERY OF THE CAPE OF GOOD HOPE (TAAJUNG HARAPAN) It is a naval passage in Southern Africa that discovered by Bartholomew Diaz in 1488. The successful of crossing of the Cape of Good Hope allowed the sailor to sail from the west which is Portugal to the East. While Prince Henry eager to locate their trading in the East that lead to the encouragement of his people to sail to East with the slogan of ‘ Gospel, Gold, Glory ‘. The expansion of Portuguese sea exploration was pioneered by Vasco da Gama. He was the first to discover the east coasts of India that help in the establishment of Portuguese. EMERGENCE OF OTHERS TRADE CENTERS Due to the oppressive administration and the high taxes, traders started to looked for other port such as Acheh and Brunei. They had finally switched to the other ports where they can be treated fairly. PREACHING Lopez de Sequeira was assigned by Prince Henry to analyze the trade potentials in Malacca. He arrived at Malacca carrying with him a letter offer from the King. His job was to establish trade with Malacca. Bendahara Tun Mutahir and the officer who were powerful in the court were hostile towards the Christian. The merchants from Gujarat, who got the news the Portuguese planned to preached a holy war against those Muslims infidels. Unfortunately, because of the argument between Bendahara Tun Mutahir and Sultan Mahmud Shah, de Sequeira managed to get known a plot was planned to kill him and his is managed to escape from Malacca with his fleet, leaving behind several of his assistants as captives. Conclusion From the research we had make, we conclude that Malacca Sultanate Empire had gone through three eras which are the beginning and the rise, the middle and the fall of the empire at the same time it contributes a special slots in Malaysian history, because it is said to be the origin of the present sultanate of Malaysia. From the process that Malacca gone through we summarize that effective and systematic administration had lead Malacca to the best outcome. The leader himself must be a role model to make the empire grow and unite the citizen. Citizens’ power can’t be neglected because it influenced the development of any empire in the world including merchandise and traders. We are reminded that in whatever time and place unwise leadership, corruption, disunity and weak defense must be avoided or otherwise turmoil history happens again. Referencing History of Melaka Lonely Planet Travel Information. 2015. History of Melaka Lonely Planet Travel Information. [ONLINE] Available at: http://www.lonelyplanet.com/malaysia/peninsular-malaysia-west-coast/melaka/history. [Accessed 22 January 2015]. The fall of Malacca. 2015. The fall of Malacca. [ONLINE] Available at: http://www.malaysiahistory.net/index.php?option=com_contentview=articleid=26:the-fall-of-malaccacatid=46:early-history. [Accessed 22 January 2015]. Fall of Civilizations Malacca Sultanate (Revised Version). 2015. Fall of Civilizations Malacca Sultanate (Revised Version). [ONLINE] Available at: http://www.scribd.com/doc/105111287/Fall-of-Civilizations-Malacca-Sultanate-Revised-Version#scribd. [Accessed 22 January 2015]. The Fall of Melaka. 2015. The Fall of Melaka. [ONLINE] Available at: http://www.sabrizain.org/malaya/port1.htm. [Accessed 22 January 2015].